The most common reason for visiting a dentist is caries - a pathological process accompanied by the destruction of the enamel and dentin of the teeth. The development of caries begins with the appearance of plaque and loosening of tooth enamel under the action of acids, which are formed during bacterial fermentation of carbohydrates from food. A white and then a dark spot appears on the surface of the tooth, which gradually turns into a carious cavity.

Untreated deep caries is complicated by the development of pulpitis - inflammation of the neurovascular bundle of the tooth. The spread of infection through the root canal into the tissues surrounding the tooth leads to periodontitis, threatening tooth loss.

One of the most common diseases of the soft tissues of the oral cavity is gingivitis, an inflammation of the gums caused by bacterial flora. The spread of infection to the tissues surrounding the neck and root of the tooth (periodontium) leads to periodontitis and periodontitis. The long course of the disease is accompanied by gingival recession - a decrease in its volume with a gradual exposure of the necks of the teeth. The development of periodontal disease leads to loosening and loss of teeth.